Climate Action Network

Reduce CO₂ Now

A clear warning — and a path to solutions. The science is urgent. The time is now.

425 ppm

Atmospheric CO₂ — Highest in 14 Million Years

Stable below 300 ppm for 800,000 years · The spike is human-made

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425 ppm Atmospheric CO₂ today — record high

+1.55°C Above pre-industrial — 2024 record

2024 Hottest year ever recorded

800,000 yrs CO₂ was stable below 300 ppm

14M years Since CO₂ was last this high

6–8°C Potential warming by 2100 at 800 ppm

1/3 Of all food produced is wasted

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170 ppm CO₂ during ice ages (10°C colder)

~3°C Per CO₂ doubling (climate sensitivity)

425 ppm Atmospheric CO₂ today — record high

+1.55°C Above pre-industrial — 2024 record

2024 Hottest year ever recorded

800,000 yrs CO₂ was stable below 300 ppm

14M years Since CO₂ was last this high

6–8°C Potential warming by 2100 at 800 ppm

1/3 Of all food produced is wasted

25+ Languages in our community

170 ppm CO₂ during ice ages (10°C colder)

~3°C Per CO₂ doubling (climate sensitivity)

The Numbers

The Warning Signals Are Unmistakable

Every major climate indicator is moving in the wrong direction — measured, not projected.

425 ppm

Atmospheric CO₂ Today

Stable below 300 ppm for 800,000 years. The human-driven spike is unprecedented in geological history.

⚠ Record high

+1.55°C

Above Pre-Industrial Levels

2024 was the hottest year ever recorded. Oceans store heat — what we see now is only the beginning.

🔴 2024 Record

800k yrs

Of Stable Climate, Now Gone

Ice core data shows CO₂ oscillated between 170–300 ppm through dozens of ice age cycles — until the industrial era.

📊 Ice core data

14M yrs

Since CO₂ Was This High

The last time CO₂ reached today's levels, Earth was 4°C hotter — no polar ice, sea levels dramatically higher.

🔴 Deep time

6–8°C

Warming at 800 ppm by 2100

A climate not seen in 34 million years. Unlimited fossil fuel use could recreate conditions from 50 million years ago.

⚠ High-end scenario

170 ppm

CO₂ During Ice Ages

Ice ages saw CO₂ fall to ~170 ppm and temperatures drop 10°C. CO₂ is the planet's primary temperature dial.

🧊 Paleoclimate

Interactive Data

The CO₂ Record — Past & Future

Historical data from ice cores and direct measurement. Future scenarios based on current emission trajectories.

Industrial Era CO₂ & Future Scenarios (1750–2100)

Historical measurements from ice cores + Mauna Loa Observatory. Projections based on IPCC emission pathways.

Historical (ice cores + Mauna Loa)

Business as Usual

Moderate Action

Strong Action (Paris ~1.5°C)

Hover chart to see values · Click legend to toggle

800,000 Years of CO₂ — The Deep Time View

Ice core data from Vostok & EPICA (Antarctica). Today's level is off the natural range by a wide margin.

Explore Scenarios

CO₂ Impact Predictor

Drag the slider to explore what different CO₂ concentration levels mean for temperature and life on Earth.

425 ppm

Today (2025)

280350425480560700850

Estimated Temperature Rise

+1.6°Cabove pre-industrial

0°C2°C4°C7°C+

Based on equilibrium climate sensitivity (~3°C per CO₂ doubling, IPCC AR6). Real warming depends on emission trajectories and feedbacks.

At 425 ppm

+1.6°C

global temperature rise

→2024 hottest year ever recorded

→Major coral reef bleaching events

→Greenland & Antarctic ice loss accelerating

→1 billion people at higher flood risk

→$38B annual economic losses from extremes

📅 Approximate timeline: Today (2025)

Deep Time Perspective

What History Tells Us

Earth's climate record spans millions of years. CO₂ has always been the primary lever. We're pushing it faster than anything in the geological record.

CO₂ Through Time — Click a Point to Explore

425 ppm — Rising

2025 — Now

Uncharted Climate Territory

We've passed the 1.5°C threshold. The rise is 100× faster than any natural transition in the geological record. The last time Earth saw this CO₂, humans didn't exist. We are the experiment.

⚠ We Are Here

Consequences

We're Entering Conditions No Civilization Has Faced

What We Can Do

Solutions That Work

Stabilizing CO₂ is possible — but requires coordinated action at scale. These are proven levers. We can pull all of them simultaneously.

01 / Energy

Reduce Fossil Fuel Use

Transition to renewables, increase carbon pricing, and shift incentives away from oil, gas and coal. The single largest lever available.

02 / Carbon

Bury Biomass & Capture Carbon

Biochar, enhanced weathering, and direct air capture can actively remove CO₂ already in the atmosphere — not just slow new emissions.

03 / Food

Eat a CO₂-Optimized Diet

Food production accounts for ~25% of global emissions. Shifting to plant-rich diets and choosing local foods makes a measurable difference.

04 / Waste

Reduce Food Waste

~1/3 of all food produced globally is wasted, creating a massive hidden carbon footprint. Cutting waste is high-impact and immediate.

05 / Consumption

Cut Overconsumption

Manufacturing, shipping and disposing of goods drives significant emissions. Buying less, buying smarter, extending product lifetimes all help.

06 / Policy

Carbon Pricing & Policy

Make fossil fuels reflect their true cost. Carbon taxes and cap-and-trade systems have proven track records in reducing emissions at scale.

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Data Sources

→ NOAA Mauna Loa CO₂ → WMO 2024 Temperature Record → NASA CO₂ History → Science.org Deep Climate → Penn State Ice Core Data → NASA Temperature Record

Reduce CO₂ Now

The Warning Signals Are Unmistakable

The CO₂ Record — Past & Future

CO₂ Impact Predictor

What History Tells Us

We're Entering Conditions No Civilization Has Faced

Solutions That Work

Join Us. Turn Climate Change Around.

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